สล็อต - An Overview
สล็อต - An Overview
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The Kỳ Sầm Temple was renovated someday ahead of 2001 to portray a more nationalistic image. the outside and inside pillars on the temple are already retouched as well as Chinese-character inscriptions in the entrance and Quốc ngữ inscriptions on the partitions are taken off. References to "King Nùng" who experienced "raised superior the banner proclaiming independence" are replaced with floral designs and photos of horses, generic symbols affiliated with community heroes. a sizable sign signifies the temple being a historical landmark.[55][51]
in the course of the Vietnam War, Nùng villages from the Việt Bắc location gained little or no problems and prevented the devastation of upland communities while in the Central Highlands. Even though the Democratic Republic of Vietnam supervised point out-sponsored migration to upland areas, the north didn't expertise an enormous influx of Kinh Viets, so the ethnic balance round the Nùng Trí Cao temples remained reasonably constant. nevertheless the Viet Bac Autonomous Zone wherein the Nùng and Tày have been most various was revoked by Lê Duẩn and the government pursued a plan of compelled assimilation of minorities into Vietnamese culture. All training was conducted in the Vietnamese language, regular customs have been discouraged or outlawed, and minority people were moved from their villages into government settlements.
[4] Recently the Tày and Nùng are known as a mixed Tày-Nùng minority.[five] on the other hand these ethnonyms really are a modern phenomenon and did not exist until finally the trendy age. According to Keith Taylor, the Vietnamese conditions were "groups of French colonial expertise" utilized to differentiate highlanders from lowlanders. The ethnic Zhuang was a product on the "ethnic identification venture" pursued in nineteen fifties China.[6]
concurrently the government produced “New Economic Zones” along the Chinese border and inside the Central Highlands. Frequently this involved taking the best land in an effort to resettle A large number of individuals from your overcrowded lowlands.[fifty] As pressure arose between Vietnam and China in 1975, Hanoi feared the loyalty in the Nùng along with the Chinese-Vietnamese. following the Sino-Vietnamese War, help for Nùng Trí Cao might be study as anti-Chinese, as he was primarily viewed as being a rebel in opposition to Chinese authority.[53][54] Even so, through the nineteen eighties, an approximated 250,000 ethnic Vietnamese have been settled while in the mountainous locations along the Chinese border, resulting in a scarcity of foodstuff from the area and far struggling.[51][fifty]
While using the stop with the Song–Đại Việt war in 1078, the Nùng north from the border grew to become a lot more sinicized by accepting larger integration into your Chinese tributary technique while the Tai-Talking men and women south on the border in Đại Việt remained in a very patron-client relationship Together with the Viet court. These Tai-Talking communities lived from the mountainous regions of Việt Bắc and many in their conversation with Viets was through the Các Lái, Kinh (Vietnamese) retailers who had acquired authorities licenses for trade while in the uplands in return for tribute towards the court. Assimilation with broader Culture was not important compared with in China. The Viet court docket dominated the frontier region employing a system much like the Chinese Tusi known as thổ ty.
[forty] The Nùng ended up remarkable towards the Tho in cultivating damp rice and remodeled lousy lands, facilitating later migrations into adjoining areas. The repeated violent incursions on the Taiping era as well as Black Flag profession accelerated the outflow of Tho given that the bands from China had been largely Zhuang who favored the Nùng at the cost on the Tho. The Tho who remained grew to become alienated from the Vietnamese governing administration which couldn't present defense and have become purchasers of the Chinese and also the Nùng.[40]
The Tày and Nùng frequently intermarried, although the Tày seem to have been held in greater regard.[11]
because the strongest thổ ty, Nùng Trí Cao (C. Nong Zhigao) and his members of the family had been deified by these communities. following the Lam Sơn uprising which finished the Ming profession, the Viet ruler Lê Lợi consolidated help from border communities by acknowledging a number of community deities. It can be instructed that a shrine to Nùng Trí Cao, The good King of Kỳ Sầm Temple, was erected inside the western outskirts of Cao Bằng in link towards the suppression of a rebel power by Lê forces in 1431.
Nong Zhigao approached the tune at Yongzhou for aid but was denied an audience until finally he staged a navy demonstration beneath the walls. He then offered sizeable tribute (tame elephants and lumps of gold and silver)[29] and petitioned the emperor. The prefect of Yongzhou, Chen Gong, in no way passed around the petition to courtroom.
Nùng society is patrilineal and grouped into clans denoted through the area in China they came from. in past times, Adult males could marry outside the clan but Ladies could only marry in the clan, even so this follow has declined in the existing working day. Adult men could have a number of wives.[56]
The French, having said that, Probably possessing much less choice, tended to aid the Tho as well as other minorities, usually undifferentiated as "person" within their studies—ordinarily a reference to Yao—as a counterweight from the Nùng.
The Nùng (pronounced as noong [nuːŋ]) can be a Central Tai-speaking ethnic group residing mainly in northeastern Vietnam and southwestern Guangxi. The Nùng often get in touch with by themselves Thổ, which literally usually means autochthonous (indigenous or native towards the land). Their ethnonym is often mingled with that of your Tày as Tày-Nùng.
Other names also mirrored the destinations from exactly where they arrived, indicating they had been largely within the immediate frontier area on the southwest of Guangxi. The Nùng turned ever more numerous inside the area, and ended up spread out through a very long stretch of the Vietnamese northern border from Lạng Sơn to Cao Bằng.[40] The Mạc dynasty, a Vietnamese dynasty ruled about the Vietnamese northeast highlands, profited within the migration in BACCARAT they have been ready to draw upon Nùng manpower for their own personal forces.[forty]
The Nùng dominance became so pronounced that when Sunshine Yat-sen wished to boost fighters in the region, he could recruit them from Nùng villages which include Na Cen and Na Mo, the two over the Vietnamese facet of your border.[40] The French colonists saw this Nùng predominance as being a menace, and located it hassle-free at that time to re-assert the primacy of your Vietnamese administrative procedure from the area.[forty] The French colonizers on the Tonkin Protectorate also saw the Nùng as likely converts to your colonial get and portrayed them as oppressed minorities who experienced endured beneath Chinese and Viet rule. In accordance with a 1908 navy dispatch by Commandant LeBlond, they had been "subjugated and held ransom all through many long generations, occasionally with the one particular, sometimes by the opposite, the [Nùng] race is now versatile which is often capable to verify the more powerful [neighbor], to which it would turn instinctively.
Local spiritual services are led by a village shaman who oversees animal sacrifices and interaction with the spiritual world. character spirits are called the phi in Nùng cosmology. Ancestor worship is additionally practiced.[58]
วิธีปัดเป่าเรื่องร้ายฮวาริมสัมผัสได้ถึงพลังงานร้ายของผีบรรพบุรุษที่คอยหลอกหลอนคนในตระกูล จึงขอความช่วยเหลือจากผู้เชี่ยวชาญด้านฮวงจุ้ย ซังด็อก (ชเว มิน-ชิก) และสัปเหร่อ ยองกึน (ยู แฮ-จิน) ทั้งหมดเดินทางไปยังหลุมศพ ซึ่งตั้งอยู่ในผืนที่ดินลึกลับณ หมู่บ้านที่รกร้างห่างไกลในเกาหลี เพื่อขุดโลงศพขึ้นมาทำพิธี ทว่า เหตุการณ์ทั้งหมดกลับพลิกผันเกินคาดคิด เมื่อการขุดโลงศพจากหลุมฝังครั้งนี้ นำไปสู่การปลดปล่อยสิ่งชั่วร้ายที่มุ่งอาฆาตจะเอาชีวิตทุกคน
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